Argon (Ar2) is a colorless, odorless inert gas. At high concentrations, people will suffocate. Argon is an atmospheric gas (0.93% by volume) and is generally obtained by separating air. Crude argon containing up to 5% oxygen is extracted from the main air separation column and purified to achieve the desired commercial purity grade. Argon is the most common rare gas in the Earth's atmosphere. It can be obtained from the oxygen produced by the air separation, mainly in the form of an inert protective gas used as a stand-alone or special mixture.
Argon can also be recovered from the exhaust of certain ammonia plants. Argon is widely used in many industries. The most common one is used as a shielding gas in arc welding – either pure argon or as part of a mixed gas. Argon is also one of the main filling gases for incandescent lamps (filaments), phosphor tubes and thyristor tubes.
Argon can also be used as a carrier gas for chromatography, sputtering, plasma etching and ion implantation. It provides an argon-sealed environment for crystal growth, viticulture and pharmaceutical packaging. Argon can be used in excimer lasers after mixing with fluorine and helium. As an insulating gas, argon is also a popular way to improve the insulation effectiveness of energy-saving windows.
Argon can also be used as a shielding gas in the iron, steel and heat treatment industries – especially when the metals that are sensitive to nitriding are treated in a nitrogen-based atmosphere.
Other smaller applications include freezing, refrigeration, decarburization of stainless steel, airbag inflation, fire suppression, spectroscopy, spectrometer cleaning or balancing in the laboratory.
Application of argon:
l Welding protection
l Heat treatment quenching Carboflex
l Heat treatment powder metallurgy Sinterflex
l Heat treatment aluminum casting
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